01Rapamycin
GRADE CEarlyAn mTOR-inhibiting drug approved for preventing organ-transplant rejection and treating a rare lung disease, taken off-label at low intermittent doses in the hope of slowing aging.
Studied dose 5–10 mg once weekly
Best longevity therapies, ranked by evidence
Prescription and supervised routes — GLP-1 medications, rapamycin, metformin, hormone protocols — ranked by human evidence. Approved uses, off-label reality, side effects and cost.
Ranked by: strength of human evidence — grade A first, D last. Never by commission.
02Metformin
GRADE CEarlyA first-line prescription medication for type 2 diabetes, of interest for longevity because of an observational finding that metformin-treated diabetics survived longer than non-diabetic controls.
Studied dose 500–2,000 mg/day, in divided doses
Guides
In-depth comparisons and rankings
Mounjaro vs Ozempic: which works better, and what it costs you
Tirzepatide beats semaglutide for weight loss in pooled data — but the evidence is weaker than the headlines suggest. Side effects, cost and who each suits.
Read the guide →Weight-loss peptides compared: semaglutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide and CagriSema ranked by evidence
Semaglutide, tirzepatide, retatrutide and CagriSema ranked by real trial data — including which ones are actually approved and which are still years away.
Read the guide →Harvard's 'reverse aging' research: what the epigenetic reprogramming studies actually show
A Harvard-linked therapy just became the first cellular reprogramming treatment cleared for human testing. Here's what the mouse data actually showed first.
Read the guide →Which regenerative medicine treatments work best for joint pain?
Exercise therapy beats every regenerative option for joint pain; GLP-1 drugs, PRP, and stem-cell injections rank next by evidence, not marketing.
Read the guide →What is the most effective regenerative medicine for knees?
Exercise, weight loss and MACI rank above PRP, hyaluronic acid and cell injections on randomised evidence, split by osteoarthritis versus cartilage injury.
Read the guide →Which regenerative medicine options help avoid joint replacement?
Exercise, weight loss, and semaglutide delay joint replacement more than any injection, ranking above osteotomy and MACI — stem-cell injections show no benefit.
Read the guide →What regenerative medicine is best for chronic back pain?
Exercise and cognitive-behavioural approaches beat every injection for chronic back pain in trials, ranking above radiofrequency ablation and intradiscal PRP.
Read the guide →Which regenerative medicine therapy is safest for arthritis patients?
PRP is the safest regenerative injection for arthritis, but exercise, weight loss, and topical NSAIDs rank safer still, and stem-cell injections rank last.
Read the guide →Best regenerative medicine treatments for osteoarthritis relief without surgery.
Supervised exercise gives the largest, most durable relief for osteoarthritis without surgery, ahead of weight loss with semaglutide, topical NSAIDs and PRP.
Read the guide →Best regenerative medicine options for tendon and ligament injuries.
Progressive loading and eccentric exercise beat PRP, steroids and surgery for tendon and ligament healing — ranked per tendon: Achilles, patellar, rotator cuff.
Read the guide →Best non-surgical regenerative medicine therapies for knee cartilage damage.
No non-surgical therapy regrows knee cartilage on MRI; strengthening, weight loss and offloading protect it best, ranking above PRP and hyaluronic acid.
Read the guide →Best regenerative medicine solution to speed up sports injury recovery.
Criteria-based rehab and early progressive loading beat PRP, stem cells and exosomes on shortening sports injury recovery without raising re-injury risk.
Read the guide →Best evidence-based regenerative medicine therapy for chronic joint pain.
Exercise, weight loss and semaglutide have the best joint-pain trial evidence; MACI is the only regenerative therapy with randomised support, for one defect.
Read the guide →The Longevity Brief
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